A Practitioner's Guide to Mantra (1/3)

All Buddhist mantras were taught by the historical Buddhas, or his emanations.

Introduction on how mantras and malas are used in Tibetan Buddhism:

Tibetan Buddhist mantras are words originally spoken by a Buddha while deep in meditation. Reciting them helps to replace the endless internal chatter of the mind with calming syllables that purify karmic imprints, bring beneficial energy, focus concentration, and offer protection and blessings.

Chanting a mantra cannot by itself liberate a person from cyclic existence. While chanting, one also must transform and focus one's thoughts.

To engage the mind in this way requires preparation—receiving teachings from a qualified master, reflecting on and contemplating those teachings, and engaging in skillful meditation practice. 

The fundamental reason for the use of mantras in meditation is the deity.

Why are mantras said in Tibetan Buddhism? What is their significance and power?

Mantras are customarily an important aspect of Tibetan Buddhist practice. They usually correspond to specific deities; each deity has one or more mantras associated with him or her. Therefore, the reason for reciting a specific mantra is the wish to achieve the qualities associated with that specific deity. 

If someone wishes to develop discernment, they might meditate on Manjushri and recite his mantra.

If purification is the main emphasis in practice, meditation on Vajrasattva and the recitation of his 100-syllable or six-syllable mantra are recommended.  

Om Mani Padmi Hung 

The most commonly practiced mantra is OM Mani PADME HUM, the principal mantra of Avalokiteshvara, the Bodhisattva who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas. 

The development of impartial love and compassion is the essence of spiritual practice; in the same way, this mantra is the essence of all mantras. 

Its six syllables prevent rebirth in the six realms of samsara and contain the essence of the buddhas who liberate the six realms, as well as the essence of the six perfections practiced in the Mahayana. 

The fundamental reason for the use of mantras in meditation on deities is that a deity's mantra is no different than that of that of that deity himself or herself.

You can regard the recitation of a mantra as calling a deity by name, and indeed, many mantras are phrased in that way. But really, a mantra is more than the deity's name; it is the deity appearing as sound. For that reason, the written form of a mantra is regarded as a type of Nirmanakaya Buddha.

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Aspiration For Bodhichitta
For those in whom the precious Bodhichitta has not arisen
May it arise and not decrease.
But increase further and further.

Dedication of Merit
By this merit, may we then obtain omniscience then.
Having defeated the enemies wrongdoings
May we liberate migratory from the ocean of existence.
With its stormy waves of birth, old age, sickness, and death.

*Note

I do not own or infringe any copyright on the picture(s).
Picture(s) courtesy and credit to the rightful distributors and/or studios
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Method of Recitation

Recitation of the mantra. The sound of recitation shouldn’t be too fast or too slow, neither too strong nor too weak. The requirement for standard recitation is very stringent—coughing, spitting, walking, etc. are forbidden, or the count of recitation would be deducted. 

Among all the offenses, talking is the most serious. So, it is best to refrain from talking during mantra recitation.

The so-called recitation practice that we normally adopt—without visualization, talking, or eating while reciting—is highly inappropriate. At best, it can only reduce the negative karma caused by unwholesome speech.

When undertaking the regular deity practice, we must also meet certain requirements regarding the use of prayer beads or malas. 

After the malas have been blessed by the master, they should be worn all the time, either on the neck or on the wrist, not to be kept away from the warmth of the body, not to be seen or touched by people who are not tantric Buddhists, not to be left in unclean places, etc. 

There are specifications for the color and the material of the malas as well. Moreover, the malas cannot be used to count things other than the recitations of a mantra, because the malas will otherwise lose its power of blessing. 

Normally, it is best to use bodhi beads for mantra recitation. Nowadays, many people like to use counters instead. But using prayer beads is still the better choice, unless in special circumstances where it is inconvenient. 

We should not see prayer beads as just a counting device; if used properly in accordance with the Dharma, the merit related to mantra recitation can increase manyfold.

During the period of undertaking the formal yidam practice, one should not commit to doing anything else, not even things like transmitting the Dharma to benefit sentient beings, because the practice will be negatively affected. 

Naturally, the requirements are not as strict for other occasions, such as attending puja or reciting a mantra during the preliminary practice. 

While practicing mantra recitation, certain types of food should also be avoided, such as garlic, scallion, animal’s tongue, etc. 

If one adheres strictly to these requirements, a varying degree of success in achieving results can be expected after the session of meditation is over, but the actual accomplishment still depends on one’s own faculty and level of diligence.

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Do you earnestly cherish our devoted work? Assuming this is the case, we are delighted that you are finding our blog useful and valuable. Would you consider making a donation for our Buddhist research and development?

We need your help to secure the future of scholarly interaction with Buddhism. Since our very first publication of Dharma works and activities in 2008, we have been effortlessly providing free distribution of Dharma posts and articles throughout the previous 16 years. 

We have exceptionally constrained support and do not receive subsidies or funding from people in general.

Please help us develop our Dharma activities that will not only benefit you but all Dharma readers on the planet. Please consider showing your support. Your generosity will certainly help us enhance our work and accomplish more for a better and brighter future.

Thank you for reading. May you find peace and great bliss. With your support, it helps to spread the Buddha’s precious teachings and turn the Dharma wheels in the world.

Aspiration For Bodhichitta
For those in whom the precious Bodhichitta has not arisen
May it arise and not decrease.
But increase further and further.

Dedication of Merit
By this merit, may we then obtain omniscience then.
Having defeated the enemies wrongdoings
May we liberate migratory from the ocean of existence.
With its stormy waves of birth, old age, sickness, and death.

*Note
I do not own or infringe any copyright on the picture(s).
Picture(s) courtesy and credit to the rightful distributors and/or studios
The picture(s) are intended for editorial use only.

Yoga of Deity’s Activity of the Generation Stage (5/5)

 

Deity yoga engages creative visualization as a skillful means of personal transformation through which the practitioner (sadhaka) visualizes a chosen deity (yidam) as part of a mandala or refuge tree in order to transform their experience of the appearance aspect of reality.

The yoga of activity is to accomplish, through the light radiating from mantras, the four The yoga of activity is to accomplish, through the light radiating from mantras, the four activities that the Buddha undertook to turn the wheel of Dharma and deliver sentient beings from suffering.

For example, in the practice of Vajrasattva, visualize the heart mantra of Vajrasattva radiating light and, on top of the light, abundant offerings to Buddhas and Bodhisattvas in the ten directions, and receiving blessings from deities in the ten directions. 

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When the light is absorbed back; then visualize again the mantra radiating light downwards to shine on sentient beings in the six realms, especially those in the three lower realms, so as to eliminate their suffering. 

These are the activities of the deity.activities that the Buddha undertook to turn the wheel of Dharma and deliver sentient beings from suffering.

Our activities in everyday life can be transformed into those of the Buddha through the yoga of activity.

The sadhana of Vajrasattva contains these four yogas: first visualize Vajrasattva; next visualize the mantra on the moon disc and recite the hundred-syllable mantra; then visualize the light emanating from the mantra, etc. 

Because this practice is part of the preliminaries, it does not particularly emphasize the idea of emptiness, but actually, the state of emptiness is also needed for this practice. 

People often ask which yidam practice they should do or who their own yidam is. The fact is, there is no way to do the yidam practice if one doesn’t know how to practice the generation stage, and there will be no result if the quality of the generation stage is not up to standard. 

On the other hand, if one has practiced the preliminaries well and undertakes the generation stage seriously, one can hope to attain some results from the yidam practice as well. 

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We need your help to secure the future of scholarly interaction with Buddhism. Since our very first publication of Dharma works and activities in 2008, we have been effortlessly providing free distribution of Dharma posts and articles throughout the previous 16 years. 

We have exceptionally constrained support and do not receive subsidies or funding from people in general.

Please help us develop our Dharma activities that will not only benefit you but all Dharma readers on the planet. Please consider showing your support. Your generosity will certainly help us enhance our work and accomplish more for a better and brighter future.

Thank you for reading. May you find peace and great bliss. With your support, it helps to spread the Buddha’s precious teachings and turn the Dharma wheels in the world.

Aspiration For Bodhichitta
For those in whom the precious Bodhichitta has not arisen
May it arise and not decrease.
But increase further and further.

Dedication of Merit
By this merit, may we then obtain omniscience then.
Having defeated the enemies wrongdoings
May we liberate migratory from the ocean of existence.
With its stormy waves of birth, old age, sickness, and death.

*Note
I do not own or infringe any copyright on the picture(s).
Picture(s) courtesy and credit to the rightful distributors and/or studios
The picture(s) are intended for editorial use only.

The Four Yogas of the Generation Stage (4/5)

Those who have advanced to the Bodhisattva grounds are able to accomplish myriad activities, such as practicing the six paramitas, delivering sentient beings on an inconceivable scale, even purifying their own negative karma, and so on, all through the power of meditation. 

Whereas ordinary people are often left exhausted, having to use our words to spread the Dharma and actions to benefit sentient beings, but with limited results.

A person’s body, speech, mind, and activity make up the whole person. Likewise, a Buddha’s body, speech, wisdom, and activities to free sentient beings from suffering encompass all the qualities of the Buddha. 

Not only tantra but sutra also acknowledges that ultimately the body of a sentient being can be the body of the Buddha, the words of sentient beings can become the words of the Buddha , the defiled minds of sentient beings the wisdom of the Buddha, and the activities of sentient beings the Buddha’s activities to deliver all to liberation, but sutra offers no specific method to make such a transformation. 

On the other hand, many skillful means are available in tantra to free sentient beings from suffering. Through the four yogas, which are unique to Vajrayana, the body, speech, mind, and activities of sentient beings can be transformed into those of the Buddha.

Deity yoga engages creative visualization as a skillful means of personal transformation through which the practitioner (sadhaka) visualizes a chosen deity (yidam) as part of a mandala or refuge tree in order to transform their experience of the appearance aspect of reality. 

Yoga of Deity’s Form

This is essentially a visualization of the deity’s physical form and mandala. Through this visualization, the body of a sentient being can be transformed into, made to manifest as, or purified as the body’s original state—the body of the divine.

Most people are troubled by two problems: one is not being able to visualize clearly, and the other is not being able to keep the mind still during sitting meditation.

A discursive mind needs samatha meditation as its antidote. If the visualization is not clear, it is because one is either not doing the visualization practice satisfactorily or does not understand the visualization method and technique. 

A brief introduction to this method was given in my discussion on the Vajrasattva practice in the Luminous Wisdom Series, but I shall repeat it here and focus on the key points.

At the outset of practicing the generation stage, we need an external object to help with visualization; otherwise, it would be quite hard to just rely on our own imagination to form a deity image, something only people of superior faculty can achieve. 

However, the situation today is quite absurd. Regardless of the individual’s capacity, everyone practices visualization like a person of superior faculty, without the help of any external object; the result can be nothing but failure.

Here, the external object is a thangka. When we do the Vajrasattva practice, we need a thangka of Vajrasattva. First, look at the thangka to visualize the deity; next, without looking at the thangka, practice the visualization by memory; and lastly, transfer the deity image on the thangka to our own body, that is, visualize our own body as that of the deity. Just do this step by step. 

There are three ways to visualize the details of the image. The first is for people of superior faculty. One just visualizes directly in the mind without any external assistance. For example, when visualizing the third eye on the forehead of the wrathful deity, the vision will appear clearly in the mind right away.

The second is for people of average faculty. When doing visualization, one does not rely on a thangka but instead on one’s own voice or words by muttering to oneself: the deity’s eyes have five colors, the pupil in the center is very dark, then white, finally red, and so on. 

It is not necessary to follow any sadhana; just using plain words will do. Visualize as the words are spoken. It has the same effect as doing visualization while reading the sadhana—reading without visualization is not effective, whereas visualizing without reading is hard to do. Be sure to speak slowly.

The third is for people of inferior faculty. In this case, one must rely on a detailed picture of the parts to be visualized. For example, photograph or scan the deity’s eyes, enlarge them, and print out the picture fit for visualization. Then repeatedly practice visualization as mentioned above.

Four is when a person who is truly practicing the generation stage should visualize this way rather than just generate a blurred image or indistinct outline of the deity during visualization, as we normally do.

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Do you earnestly cherish our devoted work? Assuming this is the case, we are delighted that you are finding our blog useful and valuable. Would you consider making a donation for our Buddhist research and development?

We need your help to secure the future of scholarly interaction with Buddhism. Since our very first publication of Dharma works and activities in 2008, we have been effortlessly providing free distribution of Dharma posts and articles throughout the previous 16 years. 

We have exceptionally constrained support and do not receive subsidies or funding from people in general.

Please help us develop our Dharma activities that will not only benefit you but all Dharma readers on the planet. Please consider showing your support. Your generosity will certainly help us enhance our work and accomplish more for a better and brighter future.

Thank you for reading. May you find peace and great bliss. With your support, it helps to spread the Buddha’s precious teachings and turn the Dharma wheels in the world.

Aspiration For Bodhichitta

For those in whom the precious Bodhichitta has not arisen

May it arise and not decrease.

But increase further and further.

Dedication of Merit

By this merit, may we then obtain omniscience then.

Having defeated the enemies wrongdoings

May we liberate migratory from the ocean of existence.

With its stormy waves of birth, old age, sickness, and death.

*Note

I do not own or infringe any copyright on the picture(s).

Picture(s) courtesy and credit to the rightful distributors and/or studios

The picture(s) are intended for editorial use only.