Kalachakra - The Manifestations of Cyclic Existence and Nirvana

 

What is meant by Kalachakra?

The word Kalachakra means cycles of time, and the Kalachakra system presents three such cycles: external, internal, and alternative. The external and internal cycles deal with time as we normally know it, while the alternative cycles are practises for gaining liberation from these two.

Kalachakra is one of the many Tantric teachings and esoteric practises in Tibetan Buddhism. The tradition's roots are in India, but its most active history and presence have been in the monasteries of Tibet. The tradition is a form of nondualism, and it is believed that the Kalachakra was taught by the Buddha himself.

What is the Kalachakra practice?

It depicts a mythic reality whereby cosmic and socio-historical events correspond to processes in the bodies of individuals. These teachings are meant to lead to a transformation of one's body and mind into perfect Buddhahood through various yogic methods.

What is Kalachakra meditation?

In the practice of Kalachakra , and any other anuttarayoga tantra , there is a special way of meditating on voidness ( emptiness ) in which we meditate not just on the actual meaning of voidness , but also try to simulate doing this with a clear, light mind .

What are the stages of the Kalachakra Tantra? 

Like all Anuttara Tantras, the Kalachakra practise is divided into two stages: 

1. A generation stage where the primary concern is with the visualisation of oneself as a deity within the context of a mandala.
2. A completion stage where the primary concern is with the purification of one’s winds and drops within the central channel, a process that culminates in the attainment of Buddhahood.

Time and cycles

The Kalacakratantra revolves around the concepts of time (kala) and cycles or wheels (chakra). Conventionally speaking, this refers to the cycles of the planets, the cycles of human breathing, and the subtle energies in the body. 

Regarding the outer or external aspect of conventional reality, the wheel of time refers to the passage of days, months, and years (as well as the cycles of the zodiac), while with regard to the individual or inner aspect, it refers to "the circulation of pranas [vital airs] within the wheel of the nadis [subtle channels] in the body," which is linked with the 12 aspects of dependent origination and the 12 signs of the zodiac. These different cycles are interconnected and correspond to each other.

In the first chapter, it is stated that the world emerges from emptiness and the force of time, which is a kind of power that originates the universe.

Because of time (kalat), from the voids (sunyesu), originate wind, fire, water, and the earth; the continents, mountains, and oceans; the constellations, the sun, the moon, the host of star-planets, and the sages; gods, bhutas, and nagas; animals that have four types of birthplace; humans and hell beings also, on the manifold earth and below; originate in the middle of the void (sunyamadhye), like salt in water, and the egg-born in the middle of an egg.

The nonduality of two facets of a single reality—namely, wisdom (prajña), or emptiness (sunyata), and method (upaya), or compassion (karuna). The word "time" refers to the gnosis of imperishable bliss (aksara-sukha-jñana), which is called a method consisting of compassion, and the word "wheel" designates wisdom consisting of emptiness. Their unity is the Buddha Kalacakra

Thus, Kalacakra refers to the manifestations of cyclic existence and nirvana, as well as their causes. Kalacakra therefore represents a single unified reality (also called Adibuddha, Sahajakaya, Jnanakaya, Sahajananda, and Vajrayoga). When this reality manifests itself as numerous phenomena, it is called samsara. 

Adibuddha

In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Adi-Buddha is the "First Buddha" or the "Primordial Buddha". Another common term for this figure is Dharmakaya Buddha. 

Adibuddha : The original Buddha, eternal with no beginning and no end.

Adi Buddha (the primaeval Buddha) The original Buddha Buddhist. The primordial force in the cosmos from whom the five Dhyani Buddhas arose. The embodiment of the concept of emptiness. He is considered by some authorities to be identical with Vaharaja and Vajrasattva. His image, sitting on a lotus leaf, is often carried by other Buddhist deities.

However, the Kalacakratantra is clear that Kalacakra is itself empty of inherent existence (i.e., essence) and is not an independent phenomenon but one that is dependent on conditions (a classic Madhyamaka position). 

The cosmic body and the body of the individual are made up of various cycles of dependent origination. Furthermore, "each cycle of dependent origination, which comprises progressively smaller cycles of dependent origination, arises in dependence upon other cycles of dependent origination and is therefore itself empty of inherent existence."

The Kalacakratantra summarises its fundamental doctrines in the following passage:

Identitylessness, the maturation of karma, the three realms, the six states of existence, the origination due to the twelve-limbed dependence, the Four Truths, the eighteen unique qualities of the Buddha, the five psycho-physical aggregates, the three bodies, the Sahajakaya, and animate emptiness. The system in which these are taught is the clear and definite instruction of the Vajri.    

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Aspiration For Bodhichitta

For those in whom the precious Bodhichitta has not arisen

May it arise and not decrease

But increase further and further.

Dedication of Merit

By this merit may we obtain omniscience then.

Having defeated the enemies wrong-doings.

May we liberate migratory from the ocean of existence.

With its stormy waves of birth, old age, sickness and death.

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